Introduction To Design 2nd Edition Alan Pipes
West Lafayette, IN 47907This is a joint publication of Purdue University and the Indiana StateDepartment of Health as part of the on-site wastewater disposal project.Extension paper coming soon.,IntroductionConstructed wetlands can be a good alternative to conventionalon-site wastewater disposal systems, which usually consist of a septic tank anda soil absorption field. They may be appropriate for environmentally sensitiveareas as well as areas where soils are not suitable for conventional trenchsystems or space limitations exist.Constructed wetlands are classified as a pretreatmenttechnology, meaning that they treat the septic tank effluent prior to dischargeto an absorption field where final polishing occurs. Pretreatment eases theburden on the soil absorption area by lowering the chemical and biologicalstrength of sewage. It serves as a safety net, filtering out most intestinalpathogens.
Additionally, it may buffer the soil during short periods ofsaturation, extend the life of the system and allow repair or renovation of afailing system when there is no other alternative.This publication describes general procedures for developing aconstructed wetland for a single-family residence ( ). This guide is designed tobe used with the diagrams.Site PreparationLocate and flag utilities. Provide temporary fences or barriersaround absorption field site to prohibit traffic and avoid compaction. Removetrees, shrubs, grass and other vegetation where necessary. If it is necessary toremove soil, reserve for later use. Fill soil should be free of rocks, plants,debris, and frozen clods over two inches.Grade and level area to be used for constructed wetland cell.Compact fill to the required elevations, filling in any disrupted or low-lyingareas.
Simplified Irrigation Design 2nd Edition
Mechanical compaction is necessary to ensure proper base preparation. Thesoil may need to be dried or moistened as maximum compaction occurs when thesoil is moist.Constructed Wetland CellSize the wetland cell at one gallon per square foot or afive-day detention time. This sizing refers to the area between the inlet andoutlet manifold pipes. If multiple systems are to be built, conduct a void ratiotest on the gravel to determine the correct detention time. Lengths to widthratios are 2:1 (or less).
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For example, a two bedroom home would require 300square feet of wetland area with dimensions of 25 by 12 feet. A constructedwetland cell for a three bedroom home may have dimensions of 30 by 15 feet.(Note: This sizing has been generated using assumptions valid only for small(.